形容词与副词,高考真题语法专项练习

　　Ⅰ. 单句语法填空

　　1．(2015·安徽，26改编)I'm so __grateful__(gratefully) to all those volunteers because they helped my terrible day end happily.

　　解析：be grateful to...意为“对……感激/感谢”。

　　2．(2015·安徽，31改编)They gave money to the old people's home either __personally__(person) or through their companies.

　　解析：personally“私人地，个人地”。句意：他们以个人的名义或通过他们的公司给养老院捐钱。

　　3．(2015·浙江，13改编)Most of us，if we know even a little about where our food comes from，understand that every bite put into our mouths was __formerly__(former) alive.

　　解析：formerly“先前地，以前地”。句意：如果我们了解甚至一点点有关食物是从哪儿来的，那么大多数人都懂得每一口放进我们嘴里的食物之前都是活着的。

　　4．(2015·湖北，27改编)Even though the conference hall is near his apartment， he has to hurry a little if he wants to be__punctual__(punctuality)．

　　解析：punctual准时的。句意：尽管会议大厅就在他的公寓附近，但如果他想要准时到达，他必须得快点。

　　5．(2015·湖北，28改编)I don't think what he said is __relevant__(relevantly) to the topic we are discussing. He has missed the point.

　　解析：relevant相关的，切题的。句意：我认为他所说的话与我们正在讨论的问题不相关。他没有抓住要点。

　　6．(2015·四川，9改编)Little Tom sat __amazed__(amaze) watching the monkey dancing in front of him.

　　解析：amazed意为“感到吃惊的”，常修饰人。句意：小汤姆吃惊地坐在那儿看着猴子在他面前跳舞。拓展：These soldiers spent three days in the cold weather，cold and hungry.这些士兵们又冷又饿，在严寒的天气中过了三天。

　　7．(2015·福建，23改编)It was __considerate__(consider) of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried.

　　解析：considerate考虑周到的，体贴的，常用结构It is considerate of sb. to do sth。句意：迈克尔告知我们他耽搁了一些时间，以防我们担心真是太考虑周到了。

　　8．(2015·江苏，31改编)The police officers decided to conduct a thorough and__comprehensive__(comprehension) review of the case.

　　解析：comprehensive“全面的，详尽的”。句意：警官们决定对这个案件做一个彻底、详尽的审查。

　　9．(2014·课标全国Ⅰ，70改编)Just be __patient__(patience)．

　　解析：句意为：要耐心。设空前为系动词be，因此要用提示词的形容词形式作表语，故填patient。

　　10．(2014·湖北，27改编)What was so __impressive__(impress) about Jasmine Westland's victory was that she came first in the marathon bare-footed.

　　解析：句意为：贾丝明·韦斯特兰的胜利给人印象很深的是，她赤脚取得了马拉松的第一名。设空处和前面的系动词was构成系表结构，所以用形容词作表语。impressive意为“给人印象深刻的”。

　　11．(2014·陕西，16改编)—You know， I met my girlfriend's parents for the first time only yesterday.

　　—__Really__(real)？ I thought you'd met them before.

　　解析：句意为：——你知道么，我就是在昨天第一次见了女友的父母。——真的吗？我以为你以前就见过他们了呢。really意为“真的”，在此处表示惊奇。

　　12．(2013·湖北，29改编)Don't defend him any more.It's obvious that he__deliberately__(deliberate) destroyed the fence of the garden even without apology.

　　解析：设空处修饰谓语动词destroyed，用副词形式。句意为：不要再为他辩解了。很显然他是故意弄坏花园的栅栏的，他甚至都不道歉。

　　13．(2014·江西，23改编)Thanks for your directions to the house； we wouldn't have found it __otherwise__.

　　解析：句意为：多谢你把我们领到这所房子，否则，我们是不可能找到它的。otherwise意为“要不然，否则”符合语境。

　　14．(2014·湖北，78改编)This novel was once the __most_widely__(wide) read book in high schools in the United States.

　　解析：句意为：这部小说曾经是美国高中阅读最广泛的书。根据空前的定冠词及空后的in high schools in the United States可知，应用最高级the most widely来修饰过去分词read，故填most widely。

　　15．(2014·辽宁，68)The __harder__ (hard) you try to beat him， the more likely you will get hit.He controls you！

　　解析：本句是固定句式：“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”，表示“越……就越……”。句意为：你越是用力打他，你就越可能被打，他能够控制你！故答案为harder。

　　Ⅱ. 语法填空

　　在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

　　When a plane from London arrived at Sydney airport， workers began to unload a number of __1. wooden__ (wood) boxes which contained clothing. No one could account for the fact that one of the boxes was __2. extremely__ (extreme) heavy. It __3. suddenly__ (sudden) occurred to one of the workers to open up the box. He was __4. astonished__ (astonish) at what he found. A man was lying in the box on top of a pile of __5. woolen__ (wool) goods. He was __6. so__ surprised at being discovered that he did not even try to run away. After he was arrested， the man admitted hiding __7. silently__ (silent) in the box before the plane left London. He had had a long and __8. uncomfortable__ (comfort) trip， for he had been confined (关在)to the wooden box __9. secretly__ (secret)for over eighteen hours. The man was ordered to pay ￡3，500 for the cost of the trip， which was __10. more__ expensive than the normal price， which only cost ￡2，000.

　　Ⅲ. 单句改错

　　1．(2015·新课标Ⅰ)Lots of studies have shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem.

　　答案与解析：seriously→serious　应用形容词修饰名词，不能用副词。

　　2．(2014·辽宁)That is too much for us， considering how closely the houses are.

　　答案与解析：closely→close　closely是副词，副词通常不能和系动词连用构成系表结构，应改为形容词close，本句how close the houses are中的close本应该是在系动词are的后面，构成系表结构are close。

　　3．(2013·广东，23改编)But such a small thing couldn’t possible destroy a village.

　　答案与解析：possible→possibly　修饰动词destroy，用副词形式。

　　4．(2016·新课标Ⅰ)Instead， he hopes that his business will grow steady.

　　答案与解析：steady→steadily　句意：相反，他希望他的生意能够稳步增长。grow“增长”是谓语动词，故用副词修饰。

　　5．(2016·新课标Ⅲ)They were also the best and worse years in my life.

　　答案与解析：worse→worst　句意：它们也是我生命中最好和最坏的那些年。此处用最高级，与上文的the best呼应。

　　6．(2016·新课标Ⅲ)At one time， I even felt my parents couldn't understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them.

　　答案与解析：freely→free　句意：起初，我甚至感到我的父母不能理解我，所以我希望我能够远离他们。be是连系动词，其后要跟形容词作表语。

　　7．(2016·四川)The dishes that I cooked were Mom's favoritest.

　　答案与解析：favoritest→favorite　句意：我做的菜是妈妈最喜欢的。favorite“最喜欢的”，没有比较级和最高级形式。

　　8．I write to my mother every week， most on Sundays.

　　答案与解析：most→mostly　副词mostly表示“大部分地；主要地”，此处作“大多数”讲，故将most改为mostly。most作副词时，意为“最”。

　　9．Zaire is the second large producer of diamonds.

　　答案与解析：large→largest　根据句意可知，此处表示最高级意义，largest前加序数词表示“第几大……”。

　　10．After making a carefully examination， the doctor said， “You are  in a very good state of health for a woman of your age.

　　答案与解析：carefully→careful　examination是名词，要用形容词来修饰。

　　11．The dog may be a good companion for the old. Therefore， the need to take it for walks may be a disadvantage.

　　答案与解析：Therefore→However　句意为：狗或许是老年人的好朋友，然而带着它散步可能不方便。disadvantage是关键词，由此可知前后两句是转折关系，故用however。

　　12．(2016·四川)Mom was grateful and moving.

　　答案与解析：moving→moved　moving“令人感动的”，moved“感动的”。根据语境可知，妈妈感到非常感动，故应用moved。

　　13．He has to work if he wants to live comfortable.

　　答案与解析：comfortable→comfortably　修饰动词live，应用副词comfortably。

　　14．When he was young， he read a lot， and late he became a famous  writer of his day.

　　答案与解析：late→later　late作形容词或副词，意为“迟，晚”；later作副词，意为“后来”，符合语境。

　　15．This is a most beautiful park. I have never seen a best one before.

　　答案与解析：best→better　此处用比较级better，放在否定句中表达最高级含义。